OnHisSevehBirthday
乔治·萧伯纳/GeeBernardShaw
乔治·萧伯纳（1856—1950），爱尔兰作家、戏剧家和政论家，出身于都柏林一个公务员之家，曾当过抄写员、会计，赴伦敦后开始从事创作。1925年获诺贝尔文学奖，他的主要作品有《巴巴拉上校》《苹果车》《圣女贞德》等。
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Uandthesenewwordsbeforeyoureadthisarticle.
1.nstitutional[,k?nst?tu:??n?l]adj.宪法规定的，合乎宪法的；宪法的；体质上的，生来的
2.proise[k?pr?aiz]n.妥协，折中方法
3.capitalis[k?pit?liz?]n.资本主义（制度）；资本（或财富）的拥有；资本（私人占有和生产盈利）的支配地位
4.proulgate[pr??l,geit]v.宣扬（某事物）；传播；公布，颁布（法令、新法律等）
5.absurdity[?bs?:d?t?]n.极端无理性，悖理；荒谬；谬论；荒谬的行为
Ofteyearsthepublichavebeentrygtotackleeverywaytheypossibly,andfailgtoakeanythgofittheyhaveturasagreatan.Thisisadreadfulfatetoovertakeanybody.Therehasbeenadistctattepttodoitaganow,andforthatreasonIabsotelydecletosayanythgaboutthecelebrationofysevehbirthday.ButwhentheLaborParty,yoldfriendstheLaborParty,vitedhere,IkhatIshouldbeallright.
Now,however,wehavebuiltupastitutionalParty.Wehavebuiltituponasocialisticbasis.Myfriend,Mr.SidneyWebb,Mr.MaaldandyselfsaiddefitelyatthebegngthatwhatwehadgottodowastoaketheSocialistPartyanstitutionalpartytowhiyrespectableGod-fearganuldbelongwithouttheslightestproiseofhisrespectability.WegotridofallthosetraditionsthatiswhyGovernntsthepresentdayareoreafraidofthantheywereofanyoftheRadicalpeople.
Ourpositionisaperfectlysipleoneandwehavethegreatadvantageofuandgourposition.Weopposesocialistocapitalis.
Atothecapitalists,therewillbeaguaraotheworldthateveryantheuntrywouldgetajob.Theydidn’tntenditwouldbeawell-paidjob,becaeifitwaswellpaidaanwouldsaveupenoughooswtheweek,andtheyweredeteredtokeepaanwthewholetionabaresubsistencewage—and,oherhand,divideanauutionofcapital.
Theysaidcapitalisnotonlysecuredthisforthewan,but,bysurgfabulowealththehandsofasallcssofpeople,theywouldsaveoneywhethertheylikeditornotandwouldhavetovestit.Thatiscapitalis,andthisGovernntisalwaysterfergwithcapitalis.Insteadofgivgaanajoborlettghistarvetheyaregivghidolesafterakgsurehehaspaidforthefirst.Theyaregivgcapitalistssubsidiesandakgallsortsutionsthatarebreakguptheirownsyste.Allthetitheyaredogit,andwearetellgtheitisbreakgup,theydon’tuand.
Wesaycriticisofcapitalis:Yoursystehasneverkeptitsproisesforonesgledayshildrenstarve.Youhavestoodproduonitshead.Insteadofbegngwiththethgsthenationneedsost,youarebegngatjttheoppositeend.Wesaydistributionhasbeeslyridiculothatthereareonlyopeopleoutoftheforty-sevenillionpeoplethisuntryroveofthepresentsysteofdistributiononeistheDukeofNorthuberndandtheotherisLordBanbury.
Weareopposedtothattheory.Socialis,whichisperfectlyclearandunistakable,saysthethgyouhavegottotakecareofisyourdistribution.Wehavetobegwiththat,andprivateproperty,ifitstandsthewayofgooddistribution,hasgottogo.
Aanwhoholdspublicpropertytholditonthepub1iditiononwhich,forstance,Icarryywalkgstick.IanotallowedtodowhatIlikewithit.Itnotknockyouontheheadwithit.Wesaythatifdistributiongoeswrong,everythgelsegoeswrion,orals,governnt.Andwesay,therefore（thisisthewholeangofoursocialis），wetbegwithdistributionandtakeallthenecessarysteps.
IthkwearekeepgitourdsbecaeourbessistotakecareofthedistributionofwealththeworldandItellyou,asIhavetoldyoubefore,thatIdontthkthereareon,orperhapsonean,ourforty-sevenillionrovesoftheexistgdistributionofwealth.Iwillgoevenfurtherandsaythatyouwillnotfdasglepersonthewholeofthecivilizedworldwhoagreeswiththeexistgsysteofthedistributionofwealth.Ithasbeenreducedtoabnkabsurdity.
Ithkthedaywillewhenwewillbeabletoakethedistbeeenthecapitalistsand.Wetgetcertaleadgideasbeforethepeople.Weshouldannouhatwearenotgogforwhatwastheold-fashionedideaofredistribution,buttheredistributionofe.Letitalwaysbeaquestionofe.
Ihavebeenveryhappyheretonight.IentirelyuandthedistadebyourChairantonightwhenhesaidyouholdsocialesteeandacertaaountofpersonalaffe.Ianotasenttalan,butIanotsensibletoallthat.Iknowthevaeofallthat,anditgives,nowthatIhaveetotheageofseventy（itwillnotaandIasaygitforthefirstti），agreatfeelgofpleasurethatIsaywhatagoodanypeople’tsay.